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Foreword
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FOREWORD
“Theaphorismofthescholars,resiudicatafacitdealbonigrumetde
quadratorotundum,makesuslaughtoday,butifweweremorethou-
ghtfulitmightdisturbusnotalittle.Thejudge,likethewizardofthe
fairystory,hasthepowertomakethemostmonstrousmetamorphosis
intheworldoflawandtogivetoshadowstheeternalappearanceof
substance.Sinceinhisworlddecisionandtruthshouldcoincide,hecan
byanincorrectdecisionreducetruthtothemeasureofhisability…For
thisreasonthestatefeelstheimportanceoftheselectionofjudges;for
itknowsthatitisentrustingtothemthedangerouspowerwhich,when
abused,makesinjusticejust,forcesthemajestyofthelawtoserveevil,
andindeliblymarkswhite-robedinnocencewithabloodybrandwhich
makesherindistinguishablefromguilt.”
ThesestrongwordswerepennedbyanItalianlawyer,juristandpoliti-
cian,PieroCalamandrei1inhisbookElogiodeigiudici,firstpublished
Italianin1936andlatertranslatedintoEnglishandfirstpublishedinthe
UnitedStatesin1946byPrincetonUniversityPress2.Theyunderscore
innouncertaintermsthevitalrolethatjudgesplayinsociety,andhow
smallandapparentlyinsignificantaberrationsinthejudicialsetup
canleadtofar-reachingnegativeconsequences.Judicialindependence
andjudicialimpartialityareessentialprerequisitesfortheoperationof
justice.Theformer-judicialindependence-isconcernedprincipally
withtheset-upandfunctioningofthejudicialorgans,andhowtheseare
121April1889-27September1956.
2
EulogyofJudges,translatedbyJohnClarkeAdamsandC.AbbottPhillipsJr.,
recentlyrepublishedin2006byTeLawbookExchangeLtd,NewJersey,p.7.
