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ofabouttwomillionpeopleinLatvia.Lithuanianisspokenbyaboutthree
millionpeopleintheBalticstateLithuania.ItisimportantamongtheIndo-
Europeanlanguagesbecauseofitsconservatism.Itissometimessaidthat
aLithuanianpeasantcanunderstandcertainsimplephrasesinSanskrit.
Althoughthestatementimpliestoomuch,Lithuanianpreservessomevery
oldfeaturesthathavedisappearedfrompracticallyalltheotherlanguagesof
thefamily(cf.BaughandCable2002:30-31).Balticisgenerallybelievedtobe
closelyrelatedtoSlavicinalargerBalto-Slavicgrouping.
SeeIndo-Europeanlanguages,Balto-Slaviclanguages,Sanskrit
Balto-Slaviclanguages-bałto-słowiańskiejęzyki
AmajorbranchofIndo-European,consistingoftwosub-branches,Baltic
andSlavic.
SeeBalticlanguages,Slaviclanguages
Bantulanguages-bantuidalnejęzyki
Asinglesub-branchoftheNiger-Congofamilyoflanguages.TeBantu
languagesoccupyahugeareaofcentral,easternandsouthernAfrica,and
manyamongthemostimportantlanguagesonthecontinent:KiKongo,
Luganda,Swahili,etc.TeBantulanguagesaredistinguishedbytheirrich
gendersystems,theirunusuallyelaborateagreement,andtheiroverwhelm-
inglyprefixingmorphology(RLT).
bareinfinitive-czystybezokolicznik,bezokolicznikbazowy
Infinitiveformwithoutto,asinIsawhimfall.
basen.-podstawaderywacji(słowotwórcza)
(1)Inmorphology,atermusedasanalternativetorootorstem.Tebaseof
thewordisthatpartofittowhichanyafxisaddedoruponwhichany
morphologicalprocessacts.Inthecreationoffriendlybythesufxation
of-ly,friendisthebase;intheformationofunfriendlybytheprefixation
ofun-,friendlyisthebase.
Seemorphology,root
(2)InCognitiveGrammar,thatpartofthedomainmatrixnecessaryfor
understandingtheprofileofalinguisticunit.Forexample,thelexical
itemhypotenuseprofilesthelongestsideofaright-angledtriangle.Te
baseconstitutesthelargerstructure,theright-angledtriangle,ofwhich
thehypotenuseconstitutesasub-structure.Telargerstructureofthe
baseisessentialforunderstandingthenotionhypotenuse(VE).
SeeCognitiveGrammar,domainmatrix,profile
