U.S.–Latin American. Relations

Karol Derwich

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-233-3746-1

DOI:

Wydawnictwo:

Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

Rok wydania:

2014

Liczba stron:

217

XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

Bibliografia:

Derwich, Karol. U.S.–Latin American. Relations. Red. . : Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, 2014, 217 s. ISBN 978-83-233-3746-1

Bibliografia refWorks:

RT Book, Whole

SR Electronic(1)

A1 Derwich, K.

T1 U.S.–Latin American. Relations

PB Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

YR 2014

SN 978-83-233-3746-1

Bibliografia BibTex:

@Book{ 194124, author = "Derwich, Karol", editor = "", title = "U.S.–Latin American. Relations", publisher = "Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego", year = "2014", address = "", isbn = "978-83-233-3746-1" }

Bibliografia endNote:

TY - BOOK

AU - Derwich, Karol

ED -

TI - U.S.–Latin American. Relations

PB - Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

CY -

PY - 2014

SN - 978-83-233-3746-1

ER -

Netografia (standard APA):

Derwich, Karol. U.S.–Latin American. Relations [baza danych online] : Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, 2014 [dostęp: 04 07 2024]. Dostęp w Ibuk Libra: https://libra.ibuk.pl/reader/uslatin-american-relations-karol-derwich-194124.

Basic American Documents, U.S. relations with Latin American and Caribbean region

This volume represents the latest one of the Basic American Documents. The series is the product of research carried out by the Institute of American Studies and Polish Diaspora and the Institute of Political Studies and International Relations of...

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-233-3746-1

DOI:

Wydawnictwo:

Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

Rok wydania:

2014

Liczba stron:

217

XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

Foreword8
Chapter One. The First Half of the 19th Century10
Simón Bolivar: Letter from Jamaica, September 6, 181511
The Monroe Doctrine, December 2, 182318
President James Polk’s First Annual Message, December 2, 184521
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, February 2, 184824
Chapter Two. The Cuban-American Affairs28
John Quincy Adams’ Letter to Hugh Nelson, April 28, 182329
The Ostend Manifest, October 15, 185433
José Martí, Nuestra America (Our America), January 30, 189136
The Decision to Act Against Spain, William McKinley, April 11, 189842
The Teller Amendment, April 20, 189849
The Platt Amendment, March 2, 190251
Fidel Castro’s Address before the U.N. General Assembly, September 26, 196052
Chapter Three. Inter-oceanic Canal in Central America60
The Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, April 19, 185061
The Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, November 18, 190163
The Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty, November 18, 190365
Torrijos-Carter Treaties, September 7, 197768
Chapter Four. At the Turn of the 19th and 20th Century72
James Blaine Opening Address at the First International American Conference, October 2, 188973
The Olney Memorandum, July 20, 189575
The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine78
The Fourth International American Conference, July 20 – August 30, 191082
Woodrow Wilson Non-recognition Doctrine86
A Latin American Doctrine of Anti-imperialism, Victor Haya de la Torre, 192688
Chapter Five. Good Neighbor Policy92
The Clark Memorandum, December 17, 192893
Franklin Delano Roosevelt and the Good Neighbor Policy94
The Anti-war Treaty of Non-aggression and Conciliation (Saavedra Lamas Treaty), October 10, 193396
7th International Conference of American States, Montevideo, December 26, 193399
Declaration of Principles of Inter-American Solidarity and Cooperation, December 21, 1936103
Chapter Six. Inter-American System106
The Act of Chapultepec, March 6, 1945107
The Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, September 2, 1947111
The Charter of the Organization of American States, April 30, 1948114
American Treaty on Pacifi c Settlement (Pact of Bogota), April 30, 1948121
Resolutions Adopted at the Eighth Meeting of Consultation of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, Punta del Este, Uruguay, January 22–31, 1962127
Chapter Seven. The Cold War in the Western Hemisphere134
Caracas Declaration of Solidarity, March 28, 1954135
The Alliance for Progress137
The Second Declaration of Havana, February 4, 1962145
Guerilla Warfare: A Method, 1963152
The National Security of All the Americas Is at Stake in Central America158
Chapter Eight. The End of the Cold War and Democratization162
The Enterprise for the Americas Initiative, 1990163
The Santiago Declaration and the Mechanism of Defending Democracy in America, 1991165
Declaration of Managua, 1993169
The North American Free Trade Agreement / Tratado de Libre Comercio en America del Norte, 1994172
Chapter Nine. The Summits of the Americas178
The First Summit of the Americas, Miami, December 9–11, 1994179
The Second Summit of the Americas, Santiago de Chile, April 18–19, 1998182
The Third Summit of the Americas, Quebec City, April 20–22, 2001186
The Fourth Summit of the Americas, Mar del Plata, November 5, 2005190
Chapter Ten. The War on Drugs196
Richard Nixon’s “War on Drugs”197
Illegal Drugs as a Threat to National Security and the Certifi cation Procedure201
Plan Colombia, 2000206
Merida Initiative213

theEuropeancontinent,therewerestrongeffortstorestoretheoldorder.Oneofthe

elementsofthisrestorationwastoreturntheolddynastiesoverthrownbyNapoleonto

power.ForSpainthismeantthereturnoftheBurbonsandFerdinandVII.Additionally,

theendofthewarsinEuropepermittedSpaintosendmoresoldierstotheNewWorldto

ﬁghtwithinsurrectionists.Thistookplaceatthebeginningof1815.PabloMorillowas

thecommanderofthosenewSpanishforcesinNewGrenada.ThenewSpanisharmy

achievedimportantvictories.ItisnocoincidencethatMurillo’ssuccessfulcampaign

wasnamedreconquist.Itwasthemostdifﬁcultmomentofthewarforindependence

inVenezuelaandinotherregionsoftheviceroyaltyofNewGranada.Murillo’sforces

enteredCartagenaandBogotainColombiaandCaracasinVenezuela.SimónBolivar

hadtoescapeonemoretime.ThistimehewenttotheCaribbeanislandofJamaica.His

stayinJamaicabroughtanimportantdevelopmentofhisideasandexplanationsofhis

perceptionofLatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanregion.

HisideasandvisionswereexempliﬁedinhislettertoHenryCullenthathewrote

inSeptember6,1815inKingston,Jamaica.HedescribesthesituationoftheLatin

Americancountriesthatwerestrugglingfortheirindependence.Heunderlinesthatthe

ﬁghtwhichbeganin1810isanirreversibleprocessthatcanhaveonlyoneresult:victory

andsovereigntyfromSpanishdomination.Bolivar’sexplicationofthedifferences

betweenLatinAmericannationsandEuropeansisveryinterestinginhisletter.Inits

explication,hepointedoutthepre-ColombiancivilizationsthathadlivedinAmerica

longbeforeChristopherColumbus’journey.However,hedoesnotdenySpain’shuge

contributiontotheprocessofcreatingacompletelynewracethatisdominantinLatin

America.ThisnewracehasitsrootsintheancientcivilizationsoftheAmericasbutalso

hasitsEuropeancomponentthankstotheSpanishconquest.“WeareneitherIndians

norEuropeans,weareaspecialmixbetweenthelegitimateownersofthislandandthe

usurperSpaniards,”wroteSimónBolivarinhisletter.Bolivar’sLetterfromJamaicaalso

includesanexplicationoftheinjusticethatthecoloniesinLatinAmericahadtoendure

fromtheSpanishmonarchy.Finally,BolivarspinnedvisionsaboutthefutureofLatin

Americaaftersuccessfulwarforindependence.Hisrecipeforthesovereignexistenceof

LatinAmericancountrieswascloseunity.TheLatinAmericancountriesshouldbebased

oncompletelydifferentfoundationsthanEurope.Thatiswhyheproposedarepublican

formofgovernment.Heperceivedmonarchyasoneofthereasonsforthenumerousof

warsandarmedconﬂictsbetweenEuropeancountries.Buttosecureitsindependence

andliberty,newLatinAmericanrepublicswouldhavetocooperateclosely.Thereforehe

suggestedthecreationofastrongunionthatwouldunitealltheformerSpanishcolonies.

HedesiredthecreationofstrongLatinAmericannationthatwouldbederivedprincipally

fromitslibertyandglory.

Thequestionofwhotheletterwasdedicatedtooftenappears.Thisisadeepinsight

intothesituationofLatinAmericainthemiddleoftheseconddecadeofthe19thcentury.

ItwaswritteninSpanish,inarathersophisticatedstyle.Itneedstoberememberedthat

amajorityofthepopulationwasnoteducated.MostoftheIndiansdidnotspeakSpanish.

Soldiersintheinsurgentarmieswereusuallyuneducated,commonpeople.Itseemsthat

Bolivarobjectivewastoreachtwokindsofsubjects.TheﬁrstweretheCreoleelitesof

Spanishcolonies.Theyweretherootoftheindependencemovements;however,there

werealsoalotofconservativeandloyalistattitudesamongthisgroup.TheCreoles,in

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U.S.–Latin American. Relations

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