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GlobalTrendsinCybersecurity
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hostileattacksagainstaNATOmemberstatehappenedwithinacyberwarscena-
rio.(ł)Wewouldhaverulesofengagement.Therewouldbeastrongcyberor
conventionalresponseifwhathappenedtoEstoniaweretotakeplacenow.We
wanttodevelopastrongearly-warningcapability.Wemustdevelopcapacities
thatalsoserveasadeterrenttoaggressorsoutthere.”
CatherineLotrionte,directorofCyberProjectatGeorgetownUniversitystated
“althoughmanyofthecyberattacksthatweseefallbelowalevelintheirserio-
usnessthatcouldtriggerNATO’sArticle5,itisplausiblethatacyberspaceevent
ofgreatmagnitudecouldtakeplacethatmightleadtothetriggeringofArticle5
inspecialcircumstances.ThespecialcircumstancesthatcouldtriggerArticle5
wouldneedtobeatasubstantiallyhigherthreatandrisklevelthanpropaganda
ofsocialmediaintrusions.Mostattacksincyberspaceusenoforce.Wewould
needtohavealegalthresholdforsuchthreatsituations,butthetriggeringof
Article5isarealpossibility.Thereareotherissues,liketimefactors.Agrave
threatwouldneedtobecurrent,andnotaneventthathappenedyearsago.”12
ThesimilarrhetoricwecanfindinNATOSecretaryGeneralJensStoltenberg
speechdeliveredaheadofthemeetingofNATODefenseMinistersashewas
speakingonaransomwarecyber-attackthataffectedapproximately100coun-
triesandmajorcompaniesallovertheworld.Ransomwareisatypeofmalware
thatspreadsviaemailsandafterencryptingauser’sdatademandspaymentin
exchangefordecryptingit.Inthediscussedattackthemalicioussoftwarecalled
“WanaCrypt0r2.0”orWannaCrywasused.ItexploitsavulnerabilityinWin-
dowssystem.
Askedaboutthecyberattacks,NATOSecretaryGeneralJensStoltenbergsaid
“ThecyberattackswesawinMaybutalso,wehaveseenthisweekjustunder-
linestheimportanceofstrengtheningourcyberdefenses,andthat’sexactlywhat
NATOisdoing.Weareimplementingourcyberdefensepledgewhichisensuring
thatwearestrengtheningthecyberdefensesofbothNATOnetworksbutalso
helpingNATOalliestostrengthentheircyberdefenses.Weexercisemore,we
sharebestpracticesandtechnologyandwealsoworkmoreandmoreclosely
withallallieslookingintohowwecanintegratetheircapabilities,strengthening
NATO’scapabilitytodefendournetworks.Wehavealsodecidedthatacyber
attackcantriggerArticle5andwehavealsodecidedandweareintheprocess
ofestablishingcyberasamilitarydomainmeaningthatwewillhaveland,air,
seaandcyberasmilitarydomains.Allofthishighlightstheadvantageofbeing
anallianceof29alliesbecausewecanworktogether,strengtheneachother
12
NATOmighttriggerArticle5forcertaincyberattacks,https://www.defensenews.com/2017/05/31/
nato-might-trigger-article-5-for-certain-cyberattacks/,31.05.2017[accessed01.06.2017].
