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straintsandexploitpedagogicalpossibilitiesforstudentlearning,thefacility
withwhichtheyareabletoproblematizeapparentlyunproblematicissues,
andtheircontinualpreoccupationwithdevelopingnewskills.Although
thesetwoconceptualizationsofteacherexpertiseproduceslightlyHconflict-
ingimagesofteaching”(p.195),Tsui(2009)claimsthatHaprocessmedi-
atessuperiorperformance”(Tsui,2009,p.195)becauseitresultsfromhard
work,reflectionandthesettingofhigherandhighergoalsforoneself,rather
thanmerelybeingtheautomaticresultofworkinginthelanguageteaching
professionforanumberofyears.Inbrief,teacherprofessionalismischarac-
teristicofteacherswhotreattheirworkseriously,demonstrateagreatdeal
ofcommitmentandgobeyondminimumexpectationsbyconstantlyad-
dressingtheneedsoftheirlearners.
2.2.2Ethicality
Everyprofessionposesnormsandexpectationsforitspractitionerswhich
areunderstoodastheprofession’scollectivevaluesandmoralprinciples
(Welfel,2010),oreventheHhallmarkofprofessionalism”inaparticularoc-
cupation.Thisnormativeorientationiscommunicatedtoprospectiveteach-
erswho,inturn,canbemotivatedtopursuetheirworkineducationbecause
ofthemoralnatureofteaching(Sanger&Osguthorpe,2013),orHtheethic
ofcare”(Mockler,2011;Noddings,1984).Indeed,manyscholarsidentify
moralandethicalqualitiesasimportantineffectiveteaching(Zembylas
&Chubbuck,2015,p.184).Thosewhoconsciouslychoosetheteachingprofes-
sionsomewhatmakeacommitmentthattheywillobeytheteachingpro-
fession’scodeofethicsanditscollectivevalues.Thisisbecauseteachingis
ajobwhichinvolvespublicconfidence,andtheotherstakeholdersinthe
educationalprocesspupils,theirparents,societyplacetheirtrustinpro-
fessionalteacherswhoareexpectedtopossesssuchqualitiesasHethical
knowing”oraHmoralknowledgebase”(Kubanyiova,2014).Itisthereforeof
greatimportancehowteacherstalkabouttheireverydaylanguageteaching
practice,whatthoughtstheyholdaboutlearnersandwhattheydoatcritical
momentswhentheirvaluesareputtothetest.Eventeachers’personalclass-
roomdecisionstakenonaday-to-daybasisarecloselylinkedtotheirper-
sonalandindividualphilosophiesorinternalcodesofethics(O’Connor,
2008,p.121).Althoughcurrenteducationaldiscoursespromoterationalist
assumptions(forexample,improvingteachingbybetterplanningandeffi-
cienttechniques),thewayteachersdealwithclassroomclashesoriginate
fromthemoraldimensionoftheiridentities(cf.Johnston,2003).Therecog-
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