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10
AnnaMempel-Śnieżyk
uniqueaddedvalueinthedevelopmentprocess.Apartfromtheirdefinedactivities,
localauthoritiesexceedtheirownlocalityandplayanimportantroleinmobilizing
interestedactorsforco-operation.Inthiswaytheycontributetocreatingthespiritof
co-operationnecessaryforachievingjointdevelopmentaims.Localauthoritiesare
engagedindevelopmentprocessesbyincreasingpublicawarenessandsupporting
thisprocessthroughtheirproximity,experienceandtheknowledgeofthespecific
needsoflocalcommunities.
Theexperiencesconnectedwiththeroleoflocalauthoritiesinlocaldevelopment
confirmtheirimportanceinthisprocess.Itneedstobementioned,however,that
localauthoritiesarenottheonlyactorsoflocaldevelopment.Entrepreneurs,local
society,andnon-governmentalorganizationsalsoinfluencethedirectionoflocal
development.Nowadays,thereisagreatfocusontheeffectsofco-operationamong
localactorsforlocaldevelopment.
Localauthoritiesaretheonlysubjectinfluencinglocaldevelopment.Areturnto
“locality”andthepowerseeninactivitiesleadingtosocio-economicdevelopment
atlocallevel,confirmtheimportanceofresearchanddebateonthesignificanceof
localactorsinlocaldevelopment.Thatiswhythepaperfocusesontheroleofother
actorsoflocaldevelopment.Thesignificanceoflocalactorsinlocaldevelopmentis
discussedintermsofbusinessclimateandlocaldevelopmentpotential.Sometimes,
theirproximityallowslocalactorstoadaptinstrumentsandmethodstotheneeds,
andhelpstoundertakeappropriateactivitieswhichleadtosolvingcurrentsocialand
economicproblems.
2.Non-governmentalorganizationsandlocalsociety
forlocaldevelopment
Sincethemid-1970s,therehasbeenagrowinginterestintheissueof“locality”and
thenotionof“localeconomy”.Theformulationofthenotionof“localdevelopment”
atthetimedidnotmeanthatthenotionwasnew,orunknown.Theinitiativesforthe
benefitoflocalsocietyhavealwaysbeenapartofself-government,orself-help
activities.Theywereconnectedwithimprovingthestandardofliving,theuseof
localresources,lookingforeffectivesolutionsandmodernmethodsofmanagement
[Parysek1997,p.47].Inordertodisseminatethenotionoflocaleconomic
development,in1992theEuropeanNetworkforEconomicSelf-HelpandLocal
Development1wascreated.Itsaimwasalsoanexchangeofexperiences,ideasand
resultsofconductedresearchinthefieldofe.g.localpartnerships,structuresand
conceptsofaSocialEconomy,communityeconomicdevelopmentandsocial
1“TheaimsoftheEuropeanNetworkarethepromotionofatransnationalcooperationby
organisationsandcampaignsworkingforeconomicself-helpandlocaldevelopmentaswellasthe
enablingofjointprojectworkandthecreationofastronglobbyinEuropeforourinterests”,http://
www.european-network.de/englisch/projects.htm(dateofaccess:22.05.2013).
