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Nineteenth-CenturyCollections.Definition,Organisation,andResearchMethodology
43
collection),linguistics,historyofbooks,historyofcollecting,andmanyothers,
includingarchivalstudies,legalarchaeology,historicalchronology,epigraphy,
watermarksstudies,genealogy,historicalandpoliticalgeography,iconography,
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historicalmetrology,palaeographyandbrachygraphy,sigillography,textology,
vexillology,sourcestudies,andevensuchsciencesasmasonologyormuseum
studies.Forinstance,inordertodiscussahistoricalcollectionof19th-century
books,itnolongersufcestosystematiseorcategorisethecollectedmaterial;
philologicalassistanceisofenrequired,aswellas-especiallyinthecaseof
illustrationsandbindings-researchtoolsofarthistorians,suchasknowledge
oficonography(secularandsacral,orevenmorespecialisedknowledgeof,for
example,theiconographyoftheOrthodoxorProtestantareas,rulesofher-
aldry,etc.),aswellasstylisticsandornamentation,whichhelptodetermine
whenabindingoraprintwascreated.Tedatingof19th-centurybindings
requiresmuchcautionbecauseinthisperiod,thereweremanydeliberatesty-
listicreferencestopreviouserasthroughthechoiceofaparticularmaterial,
ornament,orform.Moreover,bothinprovincialcentresandthosecultivating
traditional(perceivedascanonical)solutions,thetypeofbinding,onceadopted,
wascopiedforaverylongtime,eitherasanintentionalcontinuationoftra-
ditionorbecausenonewdesignswerebeingcreatedintheleadingpublishing
andartisticcentres.
AgoodexamplerequiringinterdisciplinarystudiesistheUniateGospel
BookwrittenintheChurchSlavoniclanguage,printedin1818attheBasilian
monasteryinPochaiv,currentlystoredintheNineteenth-CenturyPublications
DepartmentoftheUniversityofWarsawLibrary.
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Ithasaspecialaltarbinding
measuring42.5×27cm,clearlylarger(Fig.4)thanthebookblock(33×20.5cm),
coveredwithgreenvelvet,decoratedontheuppercoverwithfiveicons:Christ
PantocratorinthecentreandtheFourEvangelistsinthecorners(Fig.5).Anicon
ofStMichaeltheArchangeladornsthebottomcover,withfourdecorativestuds
inthecorners(Fig.6).Metalborderswithanornamentofstylisedacanthusare
mountedontheedgesofbothcovers;similarmetalornamentsdecorateboth
coversaswell.Tebookconsistsoffivefull-pagewoodcuts(Pietaandimages
oftheFourEvangelists),numerousvignettes,andtailpieces(Fig.7).Itisworth
10Tetasksofthisbranchofhistoryofartincludethedescriptionandinterpretationofthecon-
tentandsymbolicelements,theinterpretationoftheconceptsofrecognisedthemes,symbols,
attributes,allegoriesbycombiningtheanalysisofstyleandiconographicanalysis.Iconographyis
alsoanauxiliaryscienceofhistory,sociology,andotherhumanitiesońeringimagetransmission.
Tetermisalsousedtodescribeacollectionofvariousvisualdocuments,usuallywithaspecific
theme(e.g.viewsofGdańsk,scenesfromtheFrenchRevolution,etc.).
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СвященноеЕν[анге]лїе.Почаев::ъС[вѧ]тойиЧудотворнωйЛаνрѣПочаевскойЧинаС[вѧ]
тагω,:асілїа:еликагω1818,purchasedin2014thankstothegenerosityoftheUniversitatis
VarsoviensisFoundation.
