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theGhetto.4Thearchitectandhisassociatesde-
Fromtheartisticperspective,Muranówwasto
batedwhethertoremovealltherubbleandcon-
followthesloganubreakupthevolume,”usedby
structbuildingsonthepre-wargroundlevelor
Lachertinoneoftheinterviewsinreferenceto
perhapstoremovesomeoftherubble,andleave
spatiallayout.Thesloganservedasaninspiration
therest?Theydelineatedanexperimentalsec-
andadeparturepointfordevelopingthissection
tionandtriedtoassesswhichoptionmademore
oftheexposition.ThesquaresurroundingPOLIN
sense.Accordingtotheestimates,construction
Museumplaysavitalrolehere,asitwasenvisaged
ontherubbleandrecoveringthesurvivingstreets
asacentreofthedistrictinwhichvariousobjects
wasmoresensible;thepre-warstreetgridwastak-
aimedatmeetingsocialandculturalneedswere
enintoconsideration—withfewexceptions—while
tobelocated.
workingonanewspatiallayout.Eventhoughthe
decisionsweremadeduetopracticalreasons,the
Thevisionofthesquareevolved,asatthefinal
projectwasdrivenbyremembrance.Thememo-
stageofworkontheproject,thedesignersfrom
ryoftheGhettowassymbolisedbythecanyons
Lachert’sstudio—themselvesatargetofsevere
offormerstreetsandbright-redrubble;thelevel
criticism—decidedthatitwouldbebesttogather
ofrubblemoundssymbolisedanewlife(anew
allthenecessaryfunctionsinonelargecommu-
reality).
nalcentrewhichwastodominateovertherestof
Muranów.uThebuilding,boastingaspaceofap-
Thestructure,featuringacarefullyselectedcolour
proximately130,000cubicmetres,wastohouse
scheme(surfacesofred,pink,greyandwhite),was
ameetinghallaccommodating700people,asocial
traversedbydiferentlevelswhichpointedtothe
houseforyouthandadults,operationroomson
newsequencesofmovementwithinMuranów,in
thegroundfloorforthedistrictmunicipalboard,
compliancewiththeUnisticsculpturetheorydevel-
apostofice,somegymequipmentandofices.”
6
It
opedbyWładysławStrzemińskiandputintoprac-
wastobelocatedonanundevelopedplotbetween
ticebyKatarzynaKobro.Bothartiststogetherwith
today’sAndersaandZamenhofaStreets,itsscale
Lacherthadinthepastco-foundedandheaded
comparablewiththesurvivingVolhyniaBarracks.
anavant-gardegroupcalledPraesens.uSculpture
shouldbeanarchitecturalissue,alaboratoryforor-
ganisingspace,movement,urbanplanning;afunc-
tionalistorganismthatstemsfromthepossibilities
ofcontemporaryart,scienceandtechnique.At
thesametime,itshouldexpressaspirationtoor-
ganisesocietiesbeyondanindividuallevel,”
5
wrote
Kobroin1935.
Alas,theprojectwasneverrealised—monumental
socialistrealistblockswereconstructedatthespot
inthesecondhalfofthe1950s,afterLachert’sidea
hadbeenabandoned.
FocusingontheoriginalideaoftheSquareofYouth
(namelytheimmediatesurroundingsofPOLINMu-
seum)andusingarchitecturalmodelsofbuildings,
4Muranówwasdividedintothreezones,dependingontheamountofrubble.Thethickestlayerofrubblecoveredtheareabetween
formerLeszno(todaySolidarnościAv.)andGęsiaStreets(todayAnielewiczaSt.);aslightlythinneronewasbetweenGęsiaandNiska
Streets.Theremainingareawasrelativelyclean.
5K.Kobro,“Dlaludziniezdolnychdomyślenia…,”Forma3,1935.
6“LokalizacjabudownictwamieszkaniowegonaMuranowie,”manuscriptinink,fromthecollectionoftheMuseumofArchitecture
inWrocław.
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