Treść książki
Przejdź do opcji czytnikaPrzejdź do nawigacjiPrzejdź do informacjiPrzejdź do stopki
TomaszWaliszewski
1.4Ethnography......................................................................63
1.4.1Europeantravelers’accounts..................................................63
1.4.2Ottomanperiodsources.....................................................64
1.4.3Modernethnographicalresearch...............................................65
1.5Strengthsandlimitationsofthesources.................................................66
Chaptertwo:BiogeographyoftheolivetreeinitsSyro–Palestinianenvironment....................73
2.1Olivetreeanditsdomestication......................................................73
2.2FactorsmodelingSyro–Palestinianenvironment..........................................77
2.2.1Physiography..............................................................77
2.2.2Pedogeography............................................................78
2.2.3Waterresources............................................................81
2.2.4Climateanditsfluctuations...................................................83
2.2.5ClimateinSyria–Palestinedifferentinantiquity?...................................86
2.2.6Conclusions...............................................................92
2.3HistoricalphytogeographyoftheolivetreeinSyria–Palestine................................92
2.3.1Originalvegetationcover.....................................................92
2.3.2PaleobotanicalevidenceoftheOleaeuropaea......................................93
2.3.3Conclusions...............................................................97
2.4Olivetreecultivation...............................................................98
2.4.1Modernandancientcultivars.................................................98
2.4.2Methodsofcultivation......................................................99
2.4.3Harvestingandproductivity.................................................109
2.4.4Conclusions.............................................................113
Chapterthree:Theoilpressesandtheirproduct...........................................117
3.1Productiontechnology............................................................117
3.2OliveoilinstallationsinBronzeandIronAgeSyria–Palestine...............................121
3.3Typologyandchronologyofoilinstallations............................................129
3.3.1Simpleinstallations(TypeA).................................................132
3.3.2Leverpresses(TypesBtoG).................................................134
3.3.2.1Lever-and-weightspresses(TypeB).....................................134
3.3.2.2Beamweights(TypeC)..............................................137
3.3.2.3Lever-and-drumpress(TypeD)........................................138
3.3.2.4Lever-and-screwpress(TypeE)........................................139
3.3.2.5Slottedandperforatedpiers(TypeF)....................................146
3.3.2.6Screwweights(TypeG)..............................................147
3.3.3Directpressurerigidframepress(TypesH,JandK)...............................152
3.3.4Crushingdevices(TypesLandM)............................................155
3.3.5Typologyandchronology...................................................159
3.3.6LocalandforeigntraditionsinSyro-Palestinianoilinstallations.......................176
3.3.7Manufacturingofpresselements,maintenanceandrepairs..........................184
3.4Oilfacilitiesintheircontext........................................................187
3.4.1Oliveoilproducingregions..................................................187
3.4.1.1Syria............................................................188
3.4.1.2Phoenicia.........................................................194
3.4.1.3Transjordan.......................................................196
3.4.1.4Palestine.........................................................201
3.4.1.5Oliveoilproductioninanenvironmentalcontext..........................208
3.4.2Oilpressfacilitiesinarchitecturalandsettlementcontext...........................220
3.4.2.1Buildings.........................................................220
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PAMMonographSeries6
