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SEWERYNBLANDZI
INSTITUTEOFPHILOSOPHYANDSOCIOLOGY
OFTHEPOLISHACADEMYOFSCIENCE
„Theempiricistsknowtheresult(tohoti),but
theydon’tknowthereason(todioti),andthetheorists
knowboththeresultandthereason”.
Aristotle,Met.981a28-29.
“Wetendtoforgetthatasearlyasintheancient
Greekphilosophy,thedecisivefeatureofphilosophy
becamemanifest:thedevelopmentofscienceswithin
theperspectiveopenedbyphilosophy.Thedevelop-
mentofsciencesledtotheirseverancefromphilo-
sophy,and,inconsequence,totheirindependence.
Thisprocessisakindofcomplementtophilosophy,
anditisinprogresswithineachcategoryofbeings.It
lookslikeadecompositionofphilosophy,butactual-
lyitisitscomplement.”
M.Heidegger,TheEndofPhilosophy
andtheTaskofThinking
Aristotle’sprotephilosophiaasmethodology
Itisgenerallybelievedthatthename“metaphysics”isoneofthe
mosthazyandambiguousterms.Itispartiallycorrect.Ontheone
hand,thisisbecausemetaphysicsassertsthegeneralityandambiguity
of“being”,whichisitssubjectmatter.Yet,ontheotherhand,inthe
courseofthelonghistoryofmetaphysics,thereoccurredafewturning
points,themostimportantofwhichisassociatedwiththemodern
transformationofmetaphysicsintoontology;thistransformationin-
volvesasignificantchangeinunderstandingthesubjectmatterandin
theconceptionofitsmethod.Andthisveryunconsciousversionofthe