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Chapter1
Theoretical-methodologicalaspects
ofserviceresearchinEurope
1.1.Servicesasresearchsubject
Theresearchsampleineconomicsciencesisabroadlydefinedeconomy,
andboththedescriptionaswellastheanalysisofthefunctioninganddevelop-
mentofeconomicentities,aswellassearchingtheappropriatenessandformu-
latingtherulesofgoverningeconomyaretheresearchsubject.Servicesasthe
thirdsectorofeconomy
4arethecoreinterestsofeconomists,particularlyinthe
post-industrialera.Theontologicalperspectiveofeconomyconcernsthenature
andstructureofrealitystudiedbyit,whichincaseofservicesmaybeassigned
tothequestions:whatareservices,whatfeaturesdotheyhave,whatarecriteria
ofspecificationanddivisionofservices?
Wemayfindtheattemptstocategorizethedefinitionsofservicesinliterature.
Theyareasfollows:
•enumerative,negative,constructive
5;
•negative,enumerative,analytical,contextual,compilatory
6.
Wemaydistinguishthreebasicdirectionsindifferentapproachestodefine
thecategoriesofservices:
•identificationofserviceswithnon-tangiblegoods(sucheffectofhumanlabor,
whichdoesnothavetheformofgoods);
•identificationofserviceswithactivities(aserviceisacertainkindofuse
valuedeliveredinaformofactivity);
•identificationofservices’productionwiththeirprovision(ifthereexiststhe
readinesstoprovideservices,thentheirproductionsimultaneouslybegins
withthebeginningoftheactofconsumingservices)
7.
4
Inaccordancewiththethree-sectortheorybyA.G.B.FisherandC.ClarkseeWspółczesna
ekonomikausług.Red.S.Flejterskietal.WNPWN,Warszawa2005,p.30-32.
5
Moreinthismatter:M.Daszkowska:Usługi.Produkcja,rynek,marketing.WNPWN,
Warszawa1998,p.18-20.
6
Moreinthismatter:K.Rogoziński:Usługirynkowe.AE,Poznań2000,p.29-32.
7
K.Naumowicz:Usługi.Zagadnieniaogólne.US,Szczecin1992,p.8;A.Wróbel:Międzynarodowa
wymianausług.WydawnictwoNaukoweScholar,Warszawa2009,p.21-23.
