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SocietyofPositivePsychology(Trzebińska,2008).Inhisscientificwork,theauthor
triestoanswerthequestionofhowapersoncanachieveauthentichappiness.He
paysspecialatentiontothoseexperiencesthatstrengthenthesixcardinalvirtues:
wisdom,courage,love,justice,temperance,andspirituality.Italsoemphasizesthe
needtodeveloptheabilitytodistinguishbetweenwhatispleasantandwhatis
gratifying(Seligman,2002b).Theeudaimonistictrendinresearchonwell-beingis
alsorepresentedbySnyderandLopez(2002)–editorsofthefirsttextbookofposi-
tivepsychology,andBauerandhisteam(2008),whoundertakenarrativeresearch
inthisfield.Csikszentmihalyi(1990)shouldalsobementionedamongtherepre-
sentativesoftheeudaimonistictrend,whofocusesonthestateofflow,defining
itasastateofmindthatappearsasaresultofhumaninvolvementintheimple-
mentationofrelativelydifculttasks,butadaptedtotheircapabilities.Kashdan,
Biswas-DienerandKing(2008)drawsatentiontothemultitudeofapproachesto
well-beingintheeudaimonistictrend,andalsoemphasizesthattheconsensusof
researchersastothemethodofitsoperationalizationandmeasurementismuch
lowercomparedtotherepresentativesofthehedonistictrend.
However,Czapiński(2015)pointsoutthatRyf(1989)isconsideredtobethe
leadingrepresentativeoftheeudaimonisticperspectiveinquantitativeresearch
onwell-being.Themodelofpsychologicalwell-beingproposedbytheauthoris
basedontheearlierachievementsofdevelopmentalpsychologists,including
Erikson,BuhlerandNeugarten,andresearchersrepresentingthehumanisticand
existentialtrendsinpsychology,includingMaslow,Rogers,AllportandFrankl.
ThetermsformulatedonthebasisofclinicalpsychologybyJungandJahoda
werealsoused.Byconductinganextensiveanalysisoftheliteratureonthesub-
ject,Ryfbuiltamodelofwell-beingwhichiscurrentlythemostcommonway
toframethisconstructintheeudaimonistictrend,widelyusedinresearchnot
onlyinthefieldofpsychology(seeRyf,Singer,2002).Accordingtoit,psycho-
logicalwell-beingisdefinedbythedegreeofimplementationofsixdimensions,
whichare:(1)Self-acceptance–akeyaspectofpsychologicalwell-being.Itmeans
apositiveatitudetowardsone’sownSelfandtheawarenessandacceptanceof
one’sownpositiveandnegativequalities.Italsorequirescomingtotermswith
pastfailures.(2)Positiverelationshipswithothers–understoodastheabilityto
establishandmaintainintimateandsatisfyingrelationshipsandtheabilitytoem-
pathize(3)Personaldevelopment–theabilitytoconstantlyrealizeone’spotential,
improveskillsanddevelopnewopportunities.(4)Lifepurpose–meansthebelief
thatone’slifeisdirectedtowardstheimplementationofanimportantgoal,the
abilitytoformulateandcarryoutlifetasks,andhavingbeliefsthatprovideasense
ofself-controlandmeaninginlife.(5)Controlovertheenvironment–definedas
theabilitytocreatethesurroundingenvironmentinsuchawaythatitmeetsour
needsandcapabilitiesasmuchaspossible.Itisanactiveformofadaptingtothe
environment,requiringone’sowninitiativeandefort.(6)Autonomy–referstothe
abilitytoactinaccordancewithone’sownbeliefs,regardlessoftheexpectations
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