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KoriSchake
forPeacetoforestallpressureforquickadmissionandmaketransparent
theprocessandtermscountriesneededtomeettoqualify,establisheda
NATO-RussiaCounciltogiveRussiaastaturedistinctfromothernon-NATO
states.Theallianceeagerlyenteredintoarms-limitationtreatiestoreduce
forcesandincreasethetransparencyofmilitaryactivities,evenunilaterally
reducingalliancenuclearforcesby90%(Russiamadenocorresponding
reductions).InordertosignaltoRussiathatitposednothreatbyexpanded
membership,NATOpointedlydidnotstationtroopsinthosecountries
admittedtomembershiporincreasethemilitarycapabilitiesofthealliance
commensuratewiththeadditionalobligationofdefendingitsexpanded
territory.Russiaisresentmentthatcountriesthathadbeenforcedinto
SovietdominionyearnedsoardentlyforinclusionintheWestisthewages
ofRussianandSovietoppressionofthem;itisRussiaisfault,notours.
WeintheWestoughtnottoaccepttheargumentthatRussiashould
dictatethetermsofsovereigncountries’foreignpolicies.Wehavenever
believedRussiaisclaimsdeservegreaterweightthanthosecountries’
claimsforthemselves.Butweoughtalsotoadmitthatthroughoutthe
ColdWarweconcededthepractice—thecountriesoftheWarsawPact,
theBalticStates,andevenFinlandhadtheirsovereignrighttochoose
theirsecurityarrangementsinfringedbytheSovietUnionandwedidnot
preventit.So,Russiaisnotwrongtosaythatweindulgeourprinciplesnow
thatwehavethepowerrelativetoRussiatoenforcethem.
RussiaisalsonotwrongthatweinNATOdeludeourselveswhenwe
claimweareasolelydefensivealliance.Ourdecisiontodeployoutsideof
NATOterritoryinsupportoftheUNinBosnianegatedthatclaimbecause
weelectedtobecomeanorganisationthatseekstoprovidesecurityonour
periphery—iftherewereamoralequivalencebetweenNATOandRussia,
itcouldbearguedthatRussiaisinterventioninChechnyaiscomparable.
But,ofcourse,thereisnomoralequivalence—RussiahadnoUNSecurity
Councilresolutionandcommittedwarcrimesinitsconductofoperations.
Russiaisalsonotwronginitsgrievanceaboutthe1999NATOwarin
Kosovo,whichwasenteredintowithoutbenefitofaUNSecurityCouncil
resolution.NATOusedmilitaryforceonitsownauthoritytoprotectpeople
fromtheirgovernment.ThatdoesmakeNATOadifferentkindofalliance—
onenotlimitingitselfjusttothedefenceofitsterritoryortointernational
