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MARCINPRZYCHODNIAK
ANewStrategyorJustaChangeofTactics?
TheMainElementsofChina’sForeignPolicy
duringXiJinping’sFirstTerm
On18October2017,the19thCCPCongressstartedtheelectionof
anewCentralCommittee(CC)andthere-electionofXitohissecondterm
aspartysecretarygeneral.The1stCCCCPPlenumlwhichtookplaceright
afterthecongresslelectedmembersoftheCCPPoliticalBureauStanding
Committee(themostimportantpartyinstitution).Inspring2018,the
NationalPeople’sCongresslinChina’sdualparty-statepoliticalsystem,
itisformallythehighest-rankinginstitutionlshould1againdesignateXi
aschairmanofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.Nowisagoodopportunity
tosumupandevaluatechangestoChineseforeignpolicyduringXi’s
firstterminoffice,in2012-2017.2Itscharacteristicfeaturewasindeedan
importantmodificationofthedecision-makingprocessandcentralisation
ofpoweraroundtheleaderinresponsetonewchallengesinChina’s
internationalsurroundings.Asareferencepointtocharacterisethechanges
willbetheforeignpolicyformulatedduringthetimesofHu,aformerCCP
secretarygeneral,theleaderofChina,andchairmanoftheCentralMilitary
Commission.Theanalysisinthisarticlewillalsobebasedonaconcept
describedbyYan,aChineseinternationalrelationsscholarfromTsinghua
1
Therulesofsuccessionhaveneverbeencodified.Althoughmostofthemarefollowed
(repeated)duringtheleadershipchanges(whenthereisthepossibilitytoputtheminto
writing)theyremainveryflexible.SincethetermofJiangZemintoXiJinping,therewas
nosinglesuccession(PartyCongress)withleadershipchangesundertakenwiththesame
rules.ThechangingnumberofStandingCommitteemembersisoneexample.
2
InAutumn2012,the18thPartyCongresselectedXiJinpingasCCPsecretarygeneral
andchairmanoftheCentralMilitaryCommission.Inspring2013,theNationalPeople’s
CongresselectedhimtothepositionofchairmanandXitookonthethreemostimportant
positionsintheChinesepowerapparatus.
ThePolishQuarterlyofInternationalAffairs,2017,no.3
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