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DARKMEMORIESINTHEPROVINCIALWORLDS...
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“rarelyepisodeswithaparticularmeaning,shortorlong,randomly
shotfilmswithnopoint.Theprerogativeofchildhood:tomovewith-
outanyconstraintsbetweenmagicandoatmealporridge,between
limitlessterrorandburstingjoy”beforeheconcludesthatforhim“it
wasdifficulttodifferentiatebetweenfantasiesandwhatwascon-
sideredtobereal.”[7]Thisblendingandblurringofmemory,imagin-
ationandfilmmakingisevidentinbothfilms,andalsodescribedin
asimilarwaybyFellini:
Howdoyourefertothingsthatreallyexist?IfeelmoreateasewhenI)m
inventing.TherealRimini,whereIlivedduringmychildhoodandado-
lescence,isconfusedwithanother,imagined,recreated,reconstructedin
myfilmsmadeatCinecittàorinViterboandostia.Thetwomemoriesare
superimposedandIamnolongerabletodifferentiatebetweenthem.[8]
Althoughbothfilmmakersmovebeyondactualeventsandintothe
realmoffantasy,itisalsoclearthattheyhaveretainedveryprecise
recollectionsoftheirearlyyears.Kezichassertsthat“Federico[...]has
memorizedeventhenuancesoffeelings,language,habitsandtensions
fromthathousehold[hisfriendTitta)s]fortyyearsearlier.Regarding
Titta,thefamilyscenesofthefilmareanexactreproductionofwhat
wassaidanddoneinhishome,asifFedericohadhadarecordingde-
viceduringthoseyears”,[9]whereasBergmanmaintainedthat“ifIam
calmandjustabouttofallasleep,Icangofromroomtoroomandsee
everydetail,knowandfeelit.InthequietnessofGrandmother)shome,
mysensesopenedanddecidedtokeepallthisforeverandever.”[10]
Thesevividmemoriescanbesensed,bothregardingthematicrich-
nessandinthedegreeofdetailinsettings-grantingthefilmsauthen-
ticity,inspiteoftheirobviousfictionalizations.
AsFelliniandBergmanmovebeyondautobiographyandinto
fantasy,theysimultaneouslymaketheirstoriesmoreuniversal.Kezich
notesthatFellini“nevermiss[es]anopportunitytorepeatthathis
province[Rimini]isametaphysicalone,possibletotransfer,with
minoradjustments,toanytimeandlatitude”,[11]whereasBirgitta
Steenehassuggestedthat“BergmanleanedonHoffmann(and
Dickens)totranscendtheprivatebasisofhissubjectmatter.[...]no
doubtbecauseBergmanwantedtodepictthemilieuasafictionallocus
ratherthanageographicspotthathadreferencestohisownlife.”[12]
Tojudgefromthereceptionofthefilms,thisuniversalizationoftheir
recollectionsseemstohavebeenutterlysuccessful.
[7]I.Bergman,Bilder,Norstedt,Stockholm1990,
p.380.Mytranslation.
[8]F.Fellini,Fellini.Raccontandodime,op.cit.,p.14.
Mytranslation.“Invented”wasthewordsaidduring
theinterview,butlateradjustedto“imagined”by
Fellini.Ibidem,p.28.
[9]T.Kezich,op.cit.,pp.301-302.Mytranslation.
[10]I.Bergman,TheMagicLantern.AnAutobiogra-
phy,trans.J.Tate,H.Hamilton,London1988,p.20.
[11]T.Kezich,op.cit.,p.302.Mytranslation.
[12]B.Steene,“‘Doingthealexander):onChristmas
motifsinBergman)sFannyandAlexander”,Journal
ofScandinavianCinema2013,vol.3,no.3
[forthcoming].
